A new diagnosis or disability
What to do first
- Make sure you have health coverage. Apply for Medicaid if money is tight.
- If you cannot work, apply for Social Security disability benefits soon. A decision can take months.
- Ask your job about leave and changes that help you keep working.
- Ask your state's vocational rehabilitation office about help getting back to work.
Talk it through
Tell us more about what happened. We answer first, then show the programs that fit, then ask a few questions to narrow it down.
Dates that matter
These windows are set by federal rules. Your state may have its own dates too, so ask the agency.
5 full months
Social Security disability (SSDI)
SSDI payments start after you have been disabled for five full months, so apply as soon as you can. People with ALS do not have to wait.
Source: SSA.gov24 months
Medicare with SSDI
People who get SSDI get Medicare on their own after 24 months of disability benefits. People with ALS get it as soon as their benefits start.
Source: SSA.gov
Help from South Dakota
South Dakota programs that fit what happened. Each agency decides who qualifies.
South Dakota Department of Social Services
South Dakota Medicaid
In South Dakota, Medicaid is called Medical Assistance.
South Dakota Medicaid helps eligible people pay for health care.
Ways to apply:OnlinePaperIn person
South Dakota Department of Labor and Regulation
Affordable Care Act Health Insurance Marketplace
South Dakota residents use HealthCare.gov to compare and enroll in Marketplace health plans.
Ways to apply:OnlinePhone
South Dakota Department of Human Services
Vocational Rehabilitation Services
Vocational Rehabilitation helps people with disabilities prepare for, find, and keep work.
Ways to apply:PhonePaperIn person
South Dakota Department of Human Services
Developmental Disabilities Services
Developmental Disabilities Services helps eligible people with disabilities get supports to live and work in their communities.
Ways to apply:PhoneIn person
South Dakota Department of Social Services
Behavioral Health Services
Behavioral Health Services connects residents to mental health and substance use treatment and support.
Ways to apply:PhoneIn person
South Dakota Department of Social Services
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
SNAP helps eligible South Dakota households buy food.
Ways to apply:OnlinePaperIn person
Checked on October 8, 2026
Federal help
These work the same in every state. Each agency decides who qualifies.
DOL.gov
Unpaid leave that protects your job
The Family and Medical Leave Act lets many workers take up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave in a year and keep their job. Reasons include a new baby, your own serious health condition, and caring for a spouse, child or parent who is seriously ill.
Social Security Administration
Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)
Monthly payments for people who worked and paid Social Security taxes and now cannot work because of a disability that will last a long time.
Apply online at SSA.gov or call Social Security. Have your medical records and work history ready.
Social Security Administration
Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
Monthly payments for people with little income and few resources who are 65 or older, blind, or have a disability, including children.
Apply online at SSA.gov or call Social Security to make an appointment. Bring proof of age, income and any medical records.
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
Medicare
Health insurance for people 65 or older and for some younger people with a disability or kidney failure.
Most people sign up through Social Security, online at SSA.gov or by phone. Medicare.gov compares plans.
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
HealthCare.gov
The federal marketplace for health insurance plans. Many people can get lower monthly costs based on their income.
Apply online at HealthCare.gov or by phone during open enrollment, or after a big change like losing other coverage.
Checked on October 9, 2026
Help near you
Find county and state offices near you, or call 211 to talk to someone about help in your area.
Talk to a person
- 211 Helpline Center
Free help finding food, housing, bills and more near you.
Call 211 - 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline
Call or text 988 if you are in crisis or worried about someone. Any time.
Call 988Text 988